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27- ديفا بالا
Deva Pala (Deva Pala the Great), (ruled 810–850 CE) was a powerful emperor from the
Pala Empire
of
Bengal
region in the
Indian Subcontinent
. He was the third king in the line and had succeeded his father, emperor
Dharamapala
(ruled 770–810 CE). He inherited a great
empire
built by his father but he also made his own significant contributions to it to expand its frontiers
]
.
Military career of Devapala
Though not much is known about the details of his military campaigns, he is said to have exacted tributes from whole of northern India from
Himalayas
to
Vindhyas
and from east to west ocean . More specifically, the inscriptions reveal that his victorious military compaigns led him as far as to
Kamboja
of
northwest
and
Deccan
in the south and that he exterminated the
Utkalas
, conquered the Pragjyotisha (
Assam
), shattered the pride of the
Hunas
, and humbled the lords of
Gurjara
Pratiharas
and the
Dravidas
.
Information provided by these inscriptions bears witness to Devapala's encounter with the
Kambojas
of
Kabol
valley
, which nation, since remote antiquity, had been known for its quality war horses[
citation needed
]. The
Monghyr Charter
also bears witness to the fact that the Palas recruited their war horses from this Kamboja of the northwest. King Devapala definitely had some sort of relations with the north-west borderland of India (i.e. Kamboja) which fact also appears probable from his connections with
Viradeva
, a scholar from Nagarahara,
Jalalabad
near
Kabul
whom he had appointed to the post of Abbot of
Nalanda
in south
Bihar
[8]
. Probably, Devapala had brought Viradeva during his military expedition to Kamboja in north-west.
Imperialistic and expanionistic policies
According to "Age of Imperial Kanauj" (
History and Culture of Indian People
), the above inscriptional statements attest that Devapala had followed
imperialistic
and
expansionistic
policy and in his military compaigns under his real cousin General Jayapala,
[10]
the Pala army invaded Pragjyotisha (Assam) where the king submitted without giving a fight and the Utkalas whose king fled from his capital city
[11]
. On the opposite frontiers of the
empire
, were the
Hunas
located in south-east Punjab in
Uttarapatha
who became the next target of Devapala's fury. From there, the Pala forces had proceeded further to subjugate the Kambojas of North-West Frontiers (Trans-Indus territory). Thereafter, Devapala reduced king Ramabhadra of the
Gurjara Pratihara Empire
and later he defeated
Gurjar
Emperor
Mihir Bhoja
. It also pointed out that Devapala had vanquished the
Rashtrakuta
ruler Amoghavarsha.
[12]
He is further claimed that he humbled the rulers of
Dravida
[13]
.
Religious leanings
Devapala was a staunch
Buddhist
and is stated to have granted five villages to Buddhist monasteries for the promotion of Buddhism and the welfare & comforts of the
Bhikshus
. He is said to have got constructed many temples and monasteries in
Magadha
.
[14]
Balaputradeva
, the
Sailendra
king of
Java
requested Devapala to endow land for the monastery at Nalanda.
Successor of Devapala
Devapala had ruled for about 40 years and was succeeded by his son
Mahendrapala
, who was succeeded by
Vigrahapala
, his nephew according to one view and his son according the other.
Estimate of Devapala
It is stated that the reigns of Dharmapala and Devapala constituted the most brilliant period of
Bengal
. Under the Palas, Bengal played a very important role in the
history of India
.
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