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41- هيو الاول ( يلقب بالكبير او العظيم
).
·
Hugh I, Count of Vermandois
(1057–1101)
Hugh I of Vermandois
(1057 – October 18, 1101), called
Magnus
or the Great, was a younger son of
Henry I of France
(
Henry I
(4 May 1008 – 4 August 1060
)
and
Anne of Kiev
(Anne of Kiev (or Anna Yaroslavna) (between 1024 and 1032–1075) was the
queen consort
of
France
as the wife of
Henry I
, and
regent
for her son
Philip I
.)
and younger brother of
Philip I
.
He was in his own right
Count of Vermandois
, but an ineffectual leader and soldier, great only in his boasting. Indeed,
Steven Runciman
is certain that his nickname
Magnus
(greater or elder), applied to him by
William of Tyre
, is a copyist's error, and should be
Minus
(younger), referring to Hugh as younger brother of the King of France.
In early 1096 Hugh and Philip began discussing the
First Crusade
after news of the
Council of Clermont
reached them in
Paris
. Although Philip could not participate, as he had been
excommunicated
, Hugh was said to have been influenced to join the Crusade after an
eclipse of the moon
on February 11, 1096.
That summer Hugh's army left
France
for
Italy
, where they would cross the
Adriatic Sea
into territory of the
Byzantine Empire
, unlike the other Crusader armies who were travelling by land. On the way, many of the soldiers led by fellow Crusader
Emicho
joined Hugh's army after Emicho was defeated by the
Hungarians
, whose land he had been pillaging. Hugh crossed the Adriatic from
Bari
in
Southern Italy
, but many of his ships were destroyed in a storm off the
Byzantine
port of
Dyrrhachium
.
Hugh and most of his army were rescued and escorted to
Constantinople
, where they arrived in November 1096. Prior to his arrival, Hugh sent an arrogant, insulting letter to
Eastern Roman Emperor
Alexius I Comnenus
. According to the Emperor's biography written by his daughter
Anna Comnena
(the
Alexiad
), he demanded that Alexius meet with him:
"Know, O King, that I am King of Kings, and superior to all, who are under the sky. You are now permitted to greet me, on my arrival, and to receive me with magnificence, as befits my nobility."
[2]
Alexius was already wary of the armies about to arrive, after the
unruly mob
led by
Peter the Hermit
had passed through earlier in the year. Alexius kept Hugh in custody in a monastery until Hugh swore an oath of vassalage to him.
After the Crusaders had successfully made their way across
Seljuk
territory and, in 1098,
captured Antioch
, Hugh was sent back to Constantinople to appeal for reinforcements from Alexius. Alexius was uninterested
*(see below)
, however, and Hugh, instead of returning to Antioch to help plan the
siege of Jerusalem
, went back to France. There he was scorned for not having fulfilled his vow as a Crusader to complete a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and
Pope Paschal II
threatened to excommunicate him. He joined the minor
Crusade of 1101
, but was wounded in battle with the Turks in September, and died of his wounds in October in
Tarsus
.
·
In "Urban's Crusade--Success or Failure"(Key, 1948) it is argued, indeed to the contrary, that the emperor was disturbed by Hugh's report and the disquieting rumors emitting from Antioch (on Bohemond's intent and conduct) and promptly set out to prepare another expedition: "...Alexius immediately began preparations for another expedition, and he furthermore sent envoys to the crusaders to announce its coming."
==
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