الموضوع
:
أعظم الناس:ما سر عظمتهم!!..وهل لليتم دور في العظمة؟
عرض مشاركة واحدة
02-23-2012, 04:03 PM
المشاركة
141
ايوب صابر
مراقب عام سابقا
اوسمتي
مجموع الاوسمة
: 4
تاريخ الإنضمام :
Sep 2009
رقم العضوية :
7857
المشاركات:
12,768
71- رجا رجا كولا
·
Raja Raja Chola I
(c.
947
-1014),
Indian
emperor of the
Cholas
.
Raja Raja Chola I (
Tamil
: born Arunmozhi Thevar (also called as Raja Kesari Varman Raja Raja Devar and respectfully as Peruvudaiyar), popularly known as Raja Raja the Great, is one of the greatest emperors of the
Tamil
Chola Empire
of
India
who ruled between 985 and 1014
CE
. He established the Chola empire by conquering the kingdoms of southern India expanding the Chola Empire as far as
Sri Lanka
in the south, and
Kalinga
(
Orissa
) in the northeast. He fought many battles with the
Chalukyas
in the north and the
Pandyas
in the south. By conquering
Vengi
, Rajaraja laid the foundations for the
Later Chola
dynasty. He invaded Sri Lanka and started a century-long Chola occupation of the island. He streamlined the administrative system with the division of the country into various districts and by standardising revenue collection through systematic land surveys. Being an ardent devotee of
Lord Shiva
, he built the magnificent
Peruvudaiyar Temple
(also known as the
Brihadeeswarar Temple
) in
Thanjavur
and through it enabled wealth distribution amongst his subjects. His successes enabled his son
Rajendra Chola I
to extend the empire even further.
Dates
The key dates of Raja Raja are difficult to come by, scholar N Sethuraman, concludes that he was born in circa 947 ACE, was crowned on 18 July 985 and died in 1014 in the Tamil month of Maka.
Popular Prince
Rajaraja Chola was born as the third child of
Parantaka Sundara Chola
(Parantaka
Chola II (957–973 CE
).
and Vanavan Maha Devi of the
Velir
Malayaman
dynasty. After a long apprenticeship of an heir apparent, he ascended the throne after the death of Madurandhagan Chola.
[4]
During the lifetime of his father Sundara Chola, Arulmozhi had carved a name for himself by his exploits in the battles against the Sinhala and
Pandyan
armies. Sundara Chola’s eldest son and heir apparent
Aditya II
was assassinated under unclear circumstances.
[4]
madurandhaghan, as the only child of Gandar Adityar, wanted the Chola throne as he felt it was his birthright. After the death of
Aditya II
, madurandhagan forced Sundara Chola to declare him as their apparent ahead of Arulmozhi.
[4]
The Thiruvalangadu
copper-plate inscriptions
say:
"…Though his subjects…entreated Arulmozhi Varman, he…did not desire the kingdom for himself even inwardly ".
This was to say that Raja Raja was very much legally elected through the kind of democratic process followed by Cholas as seen in their Uttiramerur inscription. No other interpretation of the same is correct. Another example of such a process is selection to Pallava throne of Sri Nandi Varman II. In as much as it could very much be possible that the king rejected the offer in order to continue to devote time and energy to build the resources to realise the Cholan military objectives. The assertion seems to be very much true as we see right from the beginning how the king was involved in the Cholan expeditions and also the organised structure of their military. Madhurandhagan made a compromise with Sundara Chola that Madhurandhagan will be succeeded by Arulmozhi and not his own son. The Thiruvalangadu inscription again states:
"Having noticed by the marks (on his body) that Arulmozhi was the very
Vishnu
, the protector of the three worlds, descended on earth, [madhurandhagan] installed him in the position of yuvaraja (heir apparent) and himself bore the burden of ruling the earth…"
مجهول الطفولة
رد مع الإقتباس